Mathematics · Grade 4

Skills

• Column addition and subtraction of multi-digit numbers Adds 4,687 + 2,759 and subtracts 5,003 − 2,768 in columns, regrouping and trading across zeros.
• Check ± by estimate and inverse Checks 5,003 − 2,768 = 2,235 by rounding to 5,000 − 2,800 and by adding 2,235 + 2,768.
• Add and subtract decimals in columns Lines up the decimal point to compute 12.4 + 3.85 and 7 − 2.35, and a 3-place case, 2.375 + 1.4.
• Multiply 3- and 4-digit numbers by 1 digit Computes 4,237 × 6 with an area model and then in a column.
• Introduce 4-digit × 2-digit Computes 1,246 × 23 as two partial-product rows and adds them (introduce only).
• Multiply and divide a decimal by a whole number Gets 2.5 × 4 = 10, 3.2 × 3 = 9.6 and a hundredths case, 1.25 × 4 = 5, and shares 4.8 ÷ 4 = 1.2 (introduce only).
• Divide up to 4 digits by 1 digit Computes 735 ÷ 5 and 4,284 ÷ 6 by sharing place by place (short division).
• Decide what to do with a remainder Answers "58 children, 8 per bus" with 8 buses (round up) and "58 sweets, 8 per box" with 7 boxes (drop).
• Introduce division by a 2-digit number Works 156 ÷ 12 by chunking with multiples of 12 (introduce, whole-number remainder only).
• "Times as many" versus "more than" Says that 12 is "3 times as many as 4" but "8 more than 4".
• Distributive and associative properties Calculates 25 × 4 × 7 as 100 × 7 and 6 × 98 as 6 × 100 − 6 × 2.
• Order of operations without brackets Evaluates 3 + 4 × 2 = 11 and 20 − 12 ÷ 4 = 17, doing × ÷ before + −.
• Brackets in expressions Shows that (3 + 4) × 2 = 14 and places brackets in 2 + 3 × 4 to make 20.
• Multiply 2-digit by 2-digit Computes 34 × 27 with an area model (30 × 27 + 4 × 27), then in a column with two partial-product rows.