Home Mathematics Grade 1 Mathematics · Grade 1 Skills Bonds to 10 by heart Recalls every pair that makes 10 instantly. Example: 3 and ? make 10. Swap addends Knows 3 + 8 = 8 + 3 and uses it to start from the bigger number. Example: 2 + 9 as 9 + 2. Add three numbers using friendly pairs Adds three 1-digit numbers by spotting a pair that makes 10. Example: 4 + 8 + 6 = 18 by pairing 4 and 6. Three meanings of subtraction Tells take away, difference and missing part apart. Example: "how many more red than blue" is a difference. Related addition and subtraction facts Writes the fact family of a trio. Example: 3 + 4 = 7 gives 7 − 4 = 3. Add a 1-digit number or tens to a 2-digit number Adds ones or whole tens using place value. Example: 34 + 5 = 39 and 34 + 20 = 54. Subtract whole tens Subtracts a multiple of 10 from a multiple of 10. Example: 70 − 30 = 40. Add and subtract within 100 by tens then ones Splits the second number into tens and ones and jumps along a line. Example: 34 + 25 as 34 + 20 + 5. 2-digit ± 2-digit with regrouping Meets regrouping with tens-and-ones blocks, no formal column. Example: 34 + 28 as 5 tens and 12 ones. Equal groups as repeated addition and × Writes equal groups as repeated addition and a multiplication. Example: 4 groups of 5 is 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 4 × 5. Arrays and 3 × 5 = 5 × 3 Shows with an array that the order of a product can swap. Example: 3 rows of 5 is also 5 columns of 3. Sharing vs grouping and ÷ Tells sharing from grouping, writes it with ÷, and links ÷ to ×. Example: 12 shared by 3 is 12 ÷ 3, and 12 ÷ 3 = 4 because 3 × 4 = 12. Skip-count to the 2, 5 and 10 table facts Reaches table facts by skip-counting along arrays, never as a gate. Example: 4 × 5 by counting 5, 10, 15, 20. Add and subtract within 10 fluently Recalls sums and differences within 10 instantly. Example: 7 − 4 = 3 and 6 + 3 = 9 without counting.