Home Mathematics Grade 1 Mathematics · Grade 1 Skills Count on within 120 from any number Counts forwards within 120 starting from any number, not only from 0 or 1. Example: starts at 67 and says "67, 68, 69, 70…". Count back within 120 Counts backwards within 120 from any number, including across a tens boundary. Example: from 83 says "82, 81, 80, 79…". Skip-count in 2s and 10s Counts in steps of 2 and 10 from 0 and from any start, forwards and back. Example: 30, 40, 50 and 14, 16, 18. Skip-count in 5s (and 3s, introduce-only) Counts in 5s to 100 and sees the pattern in the ones digit; explores counting in 3s. Example: "five, ten, fifteen…" on the hundred-square. Read and write numerals to 100 Reads and writes any number to 100 in digits, with digits the right way round. Example: writes "36", not "63". Number words zero to twenty Reads and writes the number words from zero to twenty. Example: matches "fourteen" to 14. Ordinals first to tenth Uses first to tenth, and on to 11th-20th, for position in a line or row. Example: "the cat is fourth in the queue", "the twelfth runner". One more, one less, ten more, ten less Finds one or ten more or less than any number to 100. Example: ten more than 47 is 57. Compare two numbers with <, > and = Compares two 2-digit numbers and records the result with a symbol. Example: 47 > 39. Order and place numbers on a line or 100-square Orders numbers to 100 and places one between its neighbours on a number line. Example: puts 47 between 40 and 50. Estimate a collection to 50 and check Estimates a collection up to 50 and checks by grouping in tens. Example: guesses 30 beans, finds 37. Ten ones make one ten Bundles ten ones into one ten and knows they are the same amount. Example: 10 loose sticks become 1 bundle. Whole tens, 10 to 90 Knows 10, 20 … 90 are 1 to 9 tens with 0 ones. Example: 60 is 6 tens. Build a 2-digit number with tens and ones Builds any 2-digit number from blocks or bundles. Example: builds 43 with 4 tens and 3 ones. Name a number from its blocks Reads the tens and ones in a picture and says the number. Example: 3 rods and 8 cubes is 38. The value of each digit Says what each digit is worth and that digit order matters. Example: in 47 the 4 is 40, so 47 and 74 differ. Bonds to 10 by heart Recalls every pair that makes 10 instantly. Example: 3 and ? make 10. Swap addends Knows 3 + 8 = 8 + 3 and uses it to start from the bigger number. Example: 2 + 9 as 9 + 2. Add three numbers using friendly pairs Adds three 1-digit numbers by spotting a pair that makes 10. Example: 4 + 8 + 6 = 18 by pairing 4 and 6. Three meanings of subtraction Tells take away, difference and missing part apart. Example: "how many more red than blue" is a difference. Related addition and subtraction facts Writes the fact family of a trio. Example: 3 + 4 = 7 gives 7 − 4 = 3. Add a 1-digit number or tens to a 2-digit number Adds ones or whole tens using place value. Example: 34 + 5 = 39 and 34 + 20 = 54. Subtract whole tens Subtracts a multiple of 10 from a multiple of 10. Example: 70 − 30 = 40. Add and subtract within 100 by tens then ones Splits the second number into tens and ones and jumps along a line. Example: 34 + 25 as 34 + 20 + 5. 2-digit ± 2-digit with regrouping Meets regrouping with tens-and-ones blocks, no formal column. Example: 34 + 28 as 5 tens and 12 ones. Equal groups as repeated addition and × Writes equal groups as repeated addition and a multiplication. Example: 4 groups of 5 is 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 4 × 5. Arrays and 3 × 5 = 5 × 3 Shows with an array that the order of a product can swap. Example: 3 rows of 5 is also 5 columns of 3. Sharing vs grouping and ÷ Tells sharing from grouping, writes it with ÷, and links ÷ to ×. Example: 12 shared by 3 is 12 ÷ 3, and 12 ÷ 3 = 4 because 3 × 4 = 12. Skip-count to the 2, 5 and 10 table facts Reaches table facts by skip-counting along arrays, never as a gate. Example: 4 × 5 by counting 5, 10, 15, 20. Add and subtract within 10 fluently Recalls sums and differences within 10 instantly. Example: 7 − 4 = 3 and 6 + 3 = 9 without counting. Count on within 20 without fingers Adds and subtracts within 20 by counting on or back in the head. Example: 9 + 3 by counting on 10, 11, 12. Make ten to add Fills a ten, then adds the rest. Example: 8 + 5 as 8 + 2 + 3. Doubles and halves Recalls doubles to 10 + 10 and halves even numbers to 20. Example: double 7 is 14, half of 14 is 7. Near doubles Uses a double and one more or less. Example: 6 + 7 as double 6 and one more. Subtract within 20 by thinking addition Subtracts by finding what to add. Example: 15 − 9, think 9 + 6 = 15. Add or subtract 10 mentally Adds or subtracts 10 to or from any 2-digit number. Example: 10 less than 63 is 53. Bridge ten when adding (47 + 8) Adds a 1-digit number to a 2-digit number across a ten. Example: 47 + 8 = 47 + 3 + 5 = 55. Bridge ten when subtracting (52 − 7) Subtracts a 1-digit number across a ten. Example: 52 − 7 = 52 − 2 − 5 = 45. Derive tens facts from number facts Uses a fact to 10 to know the tens fact. Example: 3 + 7 = 10 so 30 + 70 = 100. 2-digit ± 2-digit mentally Meets splitting or compensating in the head, never gating. Example: 34 + 20 + 5, or 38 + 20 − 1. Odd and even by pairing Pairs objects and sees whether one is left over. Example: 14 pairs off with none left, so it is even. Odd and even on the 100-square and by last digit Sees odd and even stripes and decides from the last digit. Example: 38 ends in 8, so it is even. An even number is a double Writes an even number as a double. Example: 14 = 7 + 7. Equal and unequal shares Splits a shape into equal shares and rejects unequal splits. Example: folds a rectangle into two matching parts. Halves, thirds and quarters by name Names shares of 2, 3 or 4, knowing equal shares need not look alike. Example: two different cuts of a square can both be quarters. Read and write 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 Reads and writes unit fractions and matches them to pictures. Example: writes 1/4 for one of four parts. Three quarters Shades and names 3/4 as three of four equal parts. Example: shades 3/4 of a rectangle cut four ways. Two quarters equal one half Sees 2/4 and 1/2 are the same amount. Example: folds a half into two quarters. Half of a set Shares a small set into two equal groups. Example: half of 8 is 4. A third or quarter of a set Finds a third or quarter of a small set, then a non-unit share. Example: 1/4 of 12 is 3, and 3/4 of 12 is 9. Count in halves and quarters Counts along a track in halves and quarters. Example: 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1 1/4. The equals sign means "the same as" Reads = as balance. Example: 3 + 4 = 5 + 2. True or false equations Judges a statement true or false. Example: 7 = 8 − 1 is true. Missing addend or result Finds the missing number in an addition or at the end. Example: 8 + ? = 11. Missing start or subtrahend Finds the missing number at the start or in a subtraction. Example: ? − 3 = 5. Extend a repeating pattern Continues and describes a repeating pattern. Example: red, blue, blue, red, blue, blue… Number patterns and their rule Extends a number pattern and states the rule. Example: 2, 4, 6, 8 is "add 2". Growing shape patterns Extends a growing shape pattern and says how it grows. Example: a staircase grows by one tile each step. Order lengths directly Orders three objects by length. Example: pencil, crayon, rubber from longest. Compare lengths using a third object Compares two objects that cannot sit side by side using string or a stick. Example: does the table fit the door? Measure with units end to end Lays identical units with no gaps or overlaps. Example: the pencil is 6 cubes. Estimate then measure in units (bridge to standard cm) Guesses a length in units and checks. Example: guesses 5 clips and finds 6. Compare masses on a balance Says heavier, lighter or balances. Example: the apple is heavier than the pear. Measure mass with uniform units Balances an object with identical units. Example: three cubes balance the apple. Compare capacities by pouring Pours between containers to see which holds more. Example: the jug holds more than the cup. Full, half full, empty and measurement words Uses full, half full, empty and the comparison vocabulary. Example: "the bottle is half full". Read the hour Reads and sets o'clock on analogue and digital clocks. Example: 7 o'clock. Read the half hour Reads and sets half past. Example: half past 3. Match analogue and digital time Matches a clock face to its digital display and writes it. Example: 3:30 is half past 3. Compare and order durations Says which takes longer and orders events by length. Example: eating lunch takes longer than washing hands. Rough units of time Picks seconds, minutes, hours, days or weeks for an event. Example: brushing teeth takes minutes, a school day hours, a holiday weeks. Days of the week in order Names the days in order, with before and after. Example: the day after Tuesday is Wednesday. Months and seasons in order Names the months and seasons in order. Example: after spring comes summer. Find a date and weekday on a calendar Reads a monthly calendar. Example: finds the third Friday. Name coins and notes Names local coins and notes. Example: points to the 5-coin. Know each coin's value Knows what each coin and note is worth and swaps equal values. Example: five 1-coins equal one 5-coin. Count coins of one value Counts a row of same coins by skip-counting. Example: four 5-coins is 20. Count mixed coins to 20 Counts a mixed collection to 20. Example: 5 + 5 + 5 + 2 = 17. Pay for an item under 20 Picks coins that pay for an item. Example: three 5-coins and a 2-coin buy a 17 toy. Is the money enough? Says whether a purse covers a price. Example: 12 is not enough for 15. Name 2D shapes Names circle, triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon and hexagon. Example: "that is a hexagon". Shapes in any size and orientation Knows a shape stays the same when turned or resized. Example: a tilted triangle is still a triangle. What makes a triangle a triangle Says it is closed with 3 straight sides, and colour and size do not matter. Example: rejects a shape with a curved side. Name 3D solids Names cube, cuboid, sphere, cylinder, cone and pyramid. Example: picks the cone from a bag. Link solids to everyday objects Matches solids to things around us. Example: a can is a cylinder. Build composite shapes Builds a bigger shape from others, in 2D and from 3D blocks. Example: a house from a square and a triangle, or a tower model from cubes and cuboids. Copy a figure on a grid Copies a figure on square or dot paper. Example: copies a small boat. Straight and curved lines Tells straight from curved lines. Example: a road bend is curved. Draw a straight line with a ruler Joins two points with a straight line. Example: draws between two dots. Left and right Uses left and right from own position. Example: "raise your left hand". Steps forward and backward Describes a route as steps. Example: "three steps forward". Whole, half and quarter turns Names whole, half and quarter turns. Example: a quarter turn right. Program a floor robot path Combines steps and turns into a path. Example: "two steps forward, quarter turn right". Find objects on a room plan Locates objects on a simple plan. Example: "the bin is by the door" on the plan. Sort by one criterion and explain the rule Sorts by one property and names the rule. Example: red and not red. Sort by two criteria in Venn or Carroll layout Sorts by two properties. Example: red and round in overlapping hoops. Build a 1:1 pictogram or block graph Builds a graph with up to 3 categories. Example: stacks 5 red and 3 blue icons. Read a graph: how many more or fewer Answers questions from a graph. Example: 5 red, 3 blue, so 2 more red. Sort events: certain, possible, impossible Sorts everyday events into will, might and can't happen (non-gating). Example: "the sun will rise" is certain. Predict, then check (non-gating) Predicts "sure, maybe or never" and checks by trying. Example: a bag of only blue counters can never give red. Choose + or − Decides add or subtract for a story. Example: "3 flew away" means subtract. The four story types Recognises add to, take from, put together and compare stories. Example: "how many more" is compare. Unknown start, change or result Solves when any part is missing. Example: "There were __, 3 flew away, 5 are left." Represent a story with objects and a drawing Shows a story with objects or a quick drawing. Example: draws 5 birds and crosses out 3. Write the number sentence Writes a sentence for a story. Example: 8 − 3 = 5. Explain how you found the answer Says how the answer was found. Example: "I counted back three from eight". Check an answer another way Checks with a second method. Example: adds back to check a subtraction.